Literature and Links

Recommended Reading

  Small and Decentralized Wastewater Management Systems
by Ronald W. Crites and George Tchobanoglous
ISBN# 0-07-289087-8

Quickly becoming the wastewater industry's standard reference for the planning, analysis, and design of small and decentralized wastewater systems. Includes information on the design of alternative collection systems, conventional and innovative treatment systems, and methods for reuse or dispersal of treated effluent. Orenco's engineering drawings included throughout. Available through amazon.com or barnesandnoble.com.

Response to Congress

In its 1997 Response to Congress on Use of Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency concluded the following:

"Managed decentralized wastewater systems are viable, long-term alternatives to centralized wastewater facilities where cost-effective, particularly in small and rural communities. Decentralized systems already serve one-quarter of the population nationwide, and 50% of the population in some states. These systems merit serious consideration in any evaluation of wastewater management options for small and mid-sized communities and new development. In some cases, combinations of decentralized and centralized arrangements will be useful to solve diverse conditions."

For the complete text of the EPA's Response to Congress, visit the Policy & Regulations section.

Published Articles

The following literature is available for your use. To receive a copy, fax us a request on company letterhead to (541) 459-2884.

Articles published by Orenco's engineers:

• Septic Tank Sizes for Large Flows
  T. Bounds
• Design and Performance of Septic Tanks
  T. Bounds
• Septic Tank Septage Pumping Intervals
  T. Bounds
• Pressure Dosing: Attention to Detail
  E. Ball
• Design, Use & Installation of Dosing Siphons for On-site Wastewater Treatment Systems
  E. Ball
• Septic Tank Effluent Pump Systems
  H. Ball & T. Bounds
• STEP Systems: Glide's Contribution to the State of the Art
  T. Bounds
• OSI Automatic Distributing Valve Assemblies for Wastewater Effluent Sewers
  E. Ball
• Sand Filters and Shallow Drainfields
  H. Ball
• Design of Recirculating Sand Filters Using a Standardized Methodology
  J. Ball & G. Denn

Articles from various other sources:

• Shallow Intermittent Sand Filtration: Performance Evaluation
  J. Darby, G. Tchobanoglous, M. Asri Nor, D. Maciolek - Small Flows Journal
• Pressurized ISF with Shallow Disposal Field for a Single Residence in Boone County, Missouri
  Dennis Sievers
• Shallow Disposal Trenches in Cold Climates
  C. Roy & J.P. Dube

Useful Web Links

In the United States, onsite regulations vary from state to state. Most states have regulations available on a web site. Following is a web link to a web site maintained by the National Small Flows Clearinghouse, which includes additional web links to individual state regulators and their regulations: Onsite Wastewater Regulatory Agencies By State.